Request Hedging Tail Latency: Cutting p99 Without Overload
Learn how hedged requests cut p99 tail latency in microservices: delay tuning, hedge budgets, cancellation, idempotency, routing, and when to avoid it.
13 min read
Tag
distributed systems
Dead Letter Queue in Microservices: Handling Poison Messages
Learn how to design a dead letter queue in microservices: classify poison messages, bound message retry, enrich failures, and run safe DLQ replay with owners.
13 min read
Outbox Relay Lag: Measuring and Tuning Each Stage of Event Delay
Break outbox relay lag into commit, capture, publish and consume segments, measure each one, monitor CDC pipelines, and tune the stage that breaks your budget.
17 min read
Event Ordering in Distributed Systems: Beyond Wall-Clock Time
Learn why clock skew breaks timestamp ordering and how to pick per-key sequence numbers, logical clocks, or a sequencer for each workflow's ordering needs.
14 min read
Rate Limiting Algorithms: Token Bucket vs Sliding Window in Practice
How token bucket, leaky bucket and sliding window rate limiting algorithms work, what traffic shapes they permit, and how to implement them safely at scale.
17 min read
How to Scale a Monolith Horizontally: State, Locks and Cron Jobs
A checklist for running multiple instances of a monolith: find hidden shared state, replace in-process locks, and stop cron jobs from running once per instance.
14 min read
Distributed Lock Redis vs Postgres: Redlock, Advisory Locks, Fencing
Compare Redis Redlock and PostgreSQL advisory locks, learn why lease-based locks fail, and when fencing tokens are required for correctness.
14 min read
How to Merge Microservices into a Monolith: A Migration Playbook
A step-by-step playbook to merge microservices into a modular monolith: when to do it, how to consolidate code and data safely, and what it costs.
13 min read
Joining Data Across Microservices: API Composition vs. Read Models
Learn when to join data across microservices at request time with API composition or ahead of time with CQRS read models, and what each costs to run.
16 min read
Event Driven vs Synchronous Microservices: Decide Per Interaction
A per-interaction test for choosing events or request-response: temporal coupling, outbox, idempotency, consistency, hybrids, and cost trade-offs.
13 min read
Exponential Backoff with Jitter: Safe Retries Between Services
Why exponential backoff with jitter alone won't stop retry storms, and how retry budgets, single-layer retries and idempotency keys make retries safe.
13 min read
Circuit Breaker Pattern in Microservices: Timeouts, Retries, Limits
How cascading failures spread between services, and how to design timeouts, deadline propagation, retry budgets, bulkheads and circuit breakers together.
19 min read